Insulation is a nonconductive material, or a material resistant to the flow of electric current.It is often called a dielectric in radio frequency cables. Insulation resists electrical leakage, prevents the wire’s current from coming into contact with other conductors and preserves the material integrity of the wire by protecting against environmental threats such as water and heat. The safety and effectiveness of the wire depend on its insulation.

PVC -A PVC jacket is a relatively inexpensive and easy-to-use material with the potential to be used in diverse applications. The maximum temperature range is minus 55 degrees Celsius to 105 degrees Celsius and is resistant to flame, moisture and abrasion. It also holds up against gasoline, ozone, acids and solvents. It can also be used for medical- and food-related purposes as it is odorless, tasteless and nontoxic. PVC jackets can be used in heavy- and thin-wall applications. PVC should not be used when flexibility and an extended flex life are required at low temperatures. When used in retractile cord applications, it also shows below-average flexibility. PVC jackets display high attenuation and capacitance loss, meaning that power is lost when used in an electrical system.

PE -This compound is used most in coaxial and low-capacitance cables because of its exemplary electric qualities. Many times, it is used in these applications because it is affordable and can be foamed to reduce the dielectric constant to 1.50, making it an attractive option for cables requiring high-speed transmission. Polyethylene can also be cross-linked to produce high resistance to cracking, cut-through, soldering, and solvents. Polyethylene can be used in temperatures ranging from negative 65 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius. All densities of polyethylene are stiff, hard and inflexible. The material is also flammable. Additives can be used to make it flame-retardant, but this will sacrifice the dielectric constant and increase power loss.

PP -This material is very similar to Polyethylene but has a wider temperature range of minus 30 degrees Celsius to 105 degrees Celsius. It is used primarily for thin-wall primary insulations. Polypropylene can be foamed to improve its electrical properties.

TPR -In many applications, TPR is used to replace true thermoset rubber. It has improved colorability, higher processing speeds and a wider usable temperature range. It also displays excellent heat, weather and age resistance without curing. TPR is not cut-through resistant but can be used in applications where other properties of rubber are preferred.

TPU -Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is the go-to overmolding material for watertight applications or products that must survive harsh environments. Thermoplastic polyurethane also features good electrical insulation up to 1,000 V (exceeding the required 108 Ohm-cm by standard ISO6722).

The Difrence Between TPU and PVC